A clinicomycological study of onychomycosis in a rural hospital in Central India

Authors

  • Ruchita Omprakashji Attal Department of Dermatology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha-442102, MS
  • Rasika Ashok Chaudhary Third MBBS, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha-442102, MS
  • Vijayshri Suresh Deotale Department of Dermatology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha-442102, MS
  • Sonia Pramod Jain Department of Dermatology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha-442102, MS

Keywords:

Non-dermatophytic moulds (NDM), Calcoflour white, KOH treated nail clipping (KONCPA)

Abstract

Background: Onychomycosis; fungal infection of nails account for about half of the nail diseases. Common site of involvement is toenails. Various etiological agents including dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophytic moulds (NDM) are responsible. It is difficult to treat onychomycosis as compare to other dermatophytic infections because of the inherent slow growth of the nail. Aim: To diagnose etiological agents of onychomycosis on KOH, Calcofluor white (CFW), KOH treated Nail Clipping with Periodic Acid Schiff (KONCPA) and SDA culture. Objectives: 1) To determine the fungal etiological agents of onychomycosis. 1) To correlate clinical parameters with the mycological findings.

Methods: The study was carried out in department of Microbiology, MGIMS, Sewagram, Wardha. A total of 44 cases with signs of onychomycosis were enrolled in the study which were subjected for microscopic examination by 20% KOH, CFW and KONCPA. Mycological culture was done on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (with and without antibiotics).

Results: On analysis, the positivity by 20% KOH andCFW was 45.5%, 63.4% respectively while by KONCPA it was found to be 25%. In 38.6% fungal cultures revealed growth. At present, the etiological agents were dermatophytes (12.5%), especially Trichophyton rubrum, nondermatophytic isolates (75%) include Aspergillus spp., Penicillium species, Rhizopus and Candida spp. (8.3%). In our study toenails were affected in 84% and distolateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) was the commonest clinical presentation.  

Conclusion: Along with dermatophytes, NDM and yeasts are also important etiological agents of onychomycosis in our set up.

 

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Published

2017-01-08

How to Cite

Attal, R. O., Chaudhary, R. A., Deotale, V. S., & Jain, S. P. (2017). A clinicomycological study of onychomycosis in a rural hospital in Central India. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 3(5), 1131–1137. Retrieved from https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/1457

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Original Research Articles