Overweight and obesity and lifestyle of urban adolescent school children of eastern state of India

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174670

Keywords:

Adolescent, Obesity, Overweight, Physical inactivity, TV viewing

Abstract

Background: There is reduction of childhood under nutrition and at the same time  a gradual increase in childhood obesity especially urban area is seen due to rapid urbanization, economic and food transition and changes in lifestyle. On this backdrop present study is taken up to find out the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescent school children of urban Sambalpur and its association with lifestyle behaviour.

Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2016 to April 2017 among 600 children of class VI to X of two government and two private schools. Thirty students were chosen in each class using systematic sampling method. Pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to elicit the information on demographic variables and lifestyle behaviours. The risk factors were assessed by using the Chi-square test. For all the statistical tests, a p- value of<0.05 was considered as statistically significant

Results: Prevalence of overweight and obesity were 8.9% and 3.4% respectively. Obesity was found more among girls (3.8%) and more children from private school were obese. Association of fast food, physical inactivity with obesity was significant.

Conclusions: Overall combined prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity  was 12.3 per cent. Percentage of overweight and obese children studying in private schools was more as compared to government school children. School health program should incorporate health education of teachers, students, parents and a convergence of education and health sector can reduce the modifiable lifestyle behaviours.

References

WHO- SEAR. “Improvement of Nutritional Status of Adolescents “Report of the Regional Meeting Chandigarh, India 17-19 September 2002. Available at http://apps.searo.who.int/pds_docs/B3526.pdf. Accessed 9 November 2016.

World Health Organization. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Technical Report Series No. 894, Geneva: WHO, 2000. Reprint 2004. 22-23. Available at http://www.who.int /nutrition/publications/obesity/WHO_TRS_894/en/. Accessed 9 November 2016.

Pednekar MS, Hakama M, Hebert JR, Gupta PC. Association of body mass index with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a prospective cohort study in Mumbai (Bombay), India. Intern J epidemiol. 2008;37(3):524-35.

Misra A, Shah P, Goel K, Hazra DK, Gupta R, Seth P, et al. The high burden of obesity and abdominal obesity in urban Indian schoolchildren: a multicentric study of 38,296 children. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2011;58(3):203-11.

Dietz WH. Obesity in infants, children, and adolescents in the United States I. Identification, natural history, and aftereffects. Nutrition Research. 1981;1(1):117-37.

Aristimuno GG, Foster TA, Voors AW, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Influence of persistent obesity in children on cardiovascular risk factors: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Circulation. 1984;69(5):895-904.

WHO, “10 facts on physical activity” Available at Ahttp://www.who.int/features/factfiles/physical_activity/en/. Accessed 19 November 2016.

Singh A.K. et al., Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India,” Weight for height: Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services National Rural Health Mission Job Aids: Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK). 2013; 76-81.

De Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2007;85(9): 660-67.

Khot P.S. Vairagade, “Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among School Children in Aurangabad City, Maharashtra, India “Intern J Curr Medic and Appl Scienc. 2015;5(2): 51-55.

Tapnikar L.A., Dhingra S. “Prevalence of obesity and overweight among high school children in Nagpur, Maharashtra: a cross sectional study” Sch. J. App. Med. Sci. 2017; 5(2E):638-42.

Jacob.S.K. "Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight among School Going Children in Rural Areas of Ernakulam District, Kerala State India". Int J Sci Stud. 2014; 2(1):16-19.

Bhargava M, Kandpal SD, Aggarwal P, Sati HC. Overweight and Obesity in School Children of a Hill State in North India: Is the Dichotomy Urban-Rural or Socio-Economic? Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey. PloS one. 2016;11(5):e0156283.

Patil S, Bhimalli S, Kavitha M, Shrikanth SW, Patil A, Patil V. A. Study of Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among High School Students in a Private School in Gulbarga.” Pharmacology & Toxicology Research. 2014;1(1):1-12.

Goyal RK, Shah VN, Saboo BD, Phatak SR, Shah NN, Gohel MC, Raval PB, Patel SS. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Indian adolescent school going children: its relationship with socioeconomic status and associated lifestyle factors. J Associa Physicia India. 2010;58:151-8.

Kyallo F, Makokha A, Mwangi AM. Overweight and obesity among public and private primary school children in Nairobi, Kenya. Health. 2013;5(08):85.

Patnaik L, Pattanaik S, Sahu T, Rao EV. Overweight and obesity among adolescents–A comparative study between government and private schools. Indian Pediatr. 2015;52(9):779-81.

Jagadesan S, Harish R, Miranda P, Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, Mohan V. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children and adolescents in Chennai. Indian pediatr. 2014;51(7):544-9.

Leicy M.D. 'Indians are getting as fat as Americans': Obesity crisis swells among India's middle-class youth as children choose Western fast food over traditional cuisine. 2013. Available at: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2394423/BBC-documentary-Indias-Supersize-Kids-Obesity-epidemic-swelling-thanks-Western-fast-food-McDonalds-KFC.html,Accessed 24 September 2017.

Thompson-McCormick JJ, Thomas JJ, Bainivualiku A, Khan AN, Becker AE. Breakfast skipping as a risk correlate of overweight and obesity in school-going ethnic Fijian adolescent girls. Asi Pacif J Clinic Nutri. 2010;19(3):372.

Shah JS, Patel PK, Patel B. Determinants of overweight and obesity among school children in Mehsana District, India. Annal Tropic Medic and Publ Heal. 2013;6(4):408.

Proctor MH, Moore LL, Gao D, Cupples LA, Bradlee ML, Hood MY, Ellison RC. Television viewing and change in body fat from preschool to early adolescence: The Framingham Children's Study. Inter J obes. 2003;27(7):827.

Shylesh R, Suvetha K. A study on obesity and factors influencing physical activity among adolescents aged 11-15years in urban school of Coimbatore. Asian Student Medical Journal. 2011;7:4.

WHO, “10 facts on physical activity” Available at: http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/physical_activity/en/. Accessed 12 August 2017.

Kanciruk M, Andrews JW, Donnon T. Family history of obesity and risk of childhood overweight and obesity: A meta-analysis. Int J Med Health Pharm Biomed Eng. 2014;8(5):244-56.

Downloads

Published

2017-10-27

How to Cite

Panda, S. C. (2017). Overweight and obesity and lifestyle of urban adolescent school children of eastern state of India. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 5(11), 4770–4775. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174670

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles