Obesity and glycated hemoglobin: is there a relation with oxygen saturation in type 2 diabetes mellitus?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20222081Keywords:
HbA1c, Oxygen saturation, Obesity, T2DMAbstract
Background: Diabetics and obese persons are highly susceptible to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Obesity causes hypoxemia and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) also is known to lower the oxygen-carrying capacity and related systemic vascular vasodilatory adaptations and responses. Aim was to assess the effect of obesity and glycosylated hemoglobin on oxygen saturation in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: HbA1c level and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured in 100 adult, obese (Body mass index>30) T2DM patients.
Results: Mean HbA1C and SpO2 values were 8.69±2.41% and 95.24±3.23% respectively. P value for correlation between SpO2 and BMI was 0.3. On the other hand, p-value for correlation between SpO2 and HbA1c was 0.679
Conclusions: There was no significant effect of obesity and HbA1c on oxygen saturation in T2DM patients.
References
Pi-Sunyer X. CV-behnaz Toluei. Postgr Med. 2010;121(6):21-33.
Kopelman PG. Obesity as a medical problem. Nature. 2000;404(6778):635-43.
Nuttall FQ. Body mass index: obesity, BMI, and health: a critical review. Nutrition today. 2015;50(3):117.
Littleton SW, Tulaimat A. The effects of obesity on lung volumes and oxygenation. Respir Med. 2017;124:15-20.
Kabon B, Nagele A, Reddy D, Eagon C, Fleshman JW, Sessler DI, Kurz A. Obesity decreases perioperative tissue oxygenation. J Am Society Anesthesiologists. 2004;100(2):274-80.
Garg S, Gupta S, Mobeen S, Venkata S. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews Effect of obesity and glycated hemoglobin on oxygen saturation in ambulatory type 2 diabetic individuals: A pilot study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev. 2016;10-3.
Shanthi B, Revathy C, Devi AJ. Effect of iron deficiency on glycation of haemoglobin in nondiabetics. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2013;7(1):15.
Sherwani SI, Khan HA, Ekhzaimy A, Masood A, Sakharkar MK. Significance of HbA1c test in diagnosis and prognosis of diabetic patients. Biomark Insights. 2016;11:95-104.
Forbes JM, Cooper ME. Mechanisms of diabetic complications. Physiol Rev. 2013;93(1):137-88.
Diabetes DOF. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(1).
Levy BI, Schiffrin EL, Mourad J, Agostini D, Vicaut E, Safar ME et al. Impaired Tissue Perfusion A Pathology Common to Hypertension, Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2008;968-76.
Bertoni AG, Saydah S, Brancati FL. Diabetes and the risk of infection-related mortality in the US. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(6):1044-9.
Huttunen R, Syrjänen J. Obesity and the risk and outcome of infection. Int J Obesity. 2013;37(3):333-40.
Falagas ME, Kompoti M. Obesity and infection. Lancet infectious diseases. 2006;6(7):438-46.
Cifarelli V, Beeman SC, Smith GI, Yoshino J, Morozov D, Beals JW et al. Decreased adipose tissue oxygenation associates with insulin resistance in individuals with obesity. J Clin Investigation. 2020;130(12):6688-99.
Catrina SB, Zheng X. Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors in diabetes and its complications. Diabetologia. 2021;64(4):709-16.
Ye S, Ruan P, Yong J. The impact of the HbA1c level of type 2 diabetics on the structure of haemoglobin. Sci Rep. 2016;6:33352.
Zavorsky GS, Murias JM, Kim DJ, Gow J, Sylvestre JL, Christou N V. Waist-to-hip ratio is associated with pulmonary gas exhange in the morbidly obese. Chest. 2007;131(2):362-7.
Pu LJ, Shen Y, Lu L, Zhang RY, Zhang Q, Shen WF. Increased blood glycohemoglobin A1c levels lead to overestimation of arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2012;11:110.
Hammad M A, Syed Sulaiman S A, Aziz N A, Elsayed T M, Mohamed Noor D A. PSY7-Impact of obesity on glycated hemoglobin control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Value in Health. 2018;21:S436-7.
Fawzi H, Hussein AM, Ahmed HJ, Mitham ZS. Study of Glycated Hemoglobin (Hba1c) in Obese Diabetics Patients and Non-Obese Diabetics Patients. Int J Med Res Prof. 2016;2(1):61-4.