The relationship of serum leptin, serum TNF-α, plasma lipids and obesity parameters in patients treated with weight neutral antidepressants

Authors

  • Naveen Kumar Reddy Gangavaram Department of Psychiatry, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
  • Adarsh Lakkur Siddapa Department of Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
  • Bhanukumar Muthiah Department of Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
  • Dushad Ram Department of Psychiatry, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20180283

Keywords:

Antidepressants, Depression, Lipid profile, Obesity, Serum leptin, Serum TNF-α

Abstract

Background: Leptin and tumor necrosis factor (TNF­α) are involved in weight regulation1. Elevated lipids are frequently encountered in obese people which are helpful in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. This study helps us to know whether weight neutral antidepressant therapy can be therapeutic option in those with obesity associated with depression.

Methods: It is a Longitudinal study of sample size 72 where Patients with obesity attending to JSS hospital who are found to be depressive in both inpatients and out patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: Our study showed mean difference value of weight, BMI and waist circumference, S. leptin, S.TNF-α, S. total cholesterol, S. LDL-C, S. VLDL-C, triglycerides of obese patients treated with lifestyle modifications, psychotherapy and weight neutral antidepressants at baseline and 3rd month was significantly decreased when compared to obese patients treated with lifestyle modifications, psychotherapy alone at baseline and 3rd month is 3.5kgs, 1.2kg/m2, 0.89cm, 9.53pg/ml, 10.86pg/ml, 22.34mg/dl, 17.94mg/dl, 4.42mg/dl, 21.78mg/dl and 1.2kgs, 0.32kg/m2, 0.02cm, 5.22pg/ml, 7.86pg/ml, 11.72mg/dl, 15.37mg/dl, 1.98mg/dl, 9.54mg/dl respectively (p=0.0001).

Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a significant weight loss, and significant decrease in S. Leptin, S. TNF- α, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, triglycerides, when obese patients treated with lifestyle modifications, psychotherapy and weight neutral antidepressant (Desvenlafaxine).

References

Hinze-Selch D, Schuld A, Kraus T, Kühn M, Uhr M, Haack M, et al. Effects of antidepressants on weight and on the plasma levels of leptin, TNF-α and soluble TNF receptors: a longitudinal study in patients treated with amitriptyline or paroxetine. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2000;23(1):13-9.

Auwerx J, Staels B. Leptin. Lancet. 1998;351:737-74.

Argiles JM, López-Soriano J, Busquets S, Lopez-Soriano FJ. Journey from cachexia to obesity by TNF. The FASEB journal. 1997;11(10):743-51.

Dandona P, Weinstock R, Thusu K, Abdel-Rahman E, Aljada A, Wadden T. Tumor necrosis factor-α in sera of obese patients: fall with weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Meta. 1998;83(8):2907-10.

Hauner H, Bender M, Haastert B, Hube F. Plasma concentrations of soluble TNF-alpha receptors in obese subjects. Inter J Obesity Rela Meta Dis. 1998;22(12).

Finck BN, Kelley KW, Dantzer R, Johnson RW. In vivo and in vitro evidence for the involvement of tumor necrosis factor-α in the induction of leptin by lipopolysaccharide. Endocrinol. 1998;139(5):2278-83.

Mutlu-Turkoglu U, Oztezcan S, Orhan Y, Aykac-Toker G, Sivas A, Uysal M. An increase in lipoprotein oxidation and endogenous lipid peroxides in serum of obese women. Clin Exp Med. 2003;2:171-4.

Myara I, Alamowitch C, Michel O, Heudes D, Bariety C, Guy-Grand B, et al. Lipoprotein oxidation and plasma vitamin E in nondiabetic normotensive obese patients. Obes Res. 2003;11:112-20.

Romaguera D, Norat T, Mouw T, May AM, Bamia C, Slimani N, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower abdominal adiposity in European men and women. J Nutri. 2009;139(9):1728-37.

Mozaffarian D, Hao T, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Hu FB. Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men. N Eng J Med. 2011;364(25):2392-404.

Nazare JA, Smith J, Borel AL, Alméras N, Tremblay A, Bergeron J, et al. Changes in both global diet quality and physical activity level synergistically reduce visceral adiposity in men with features of metabolic syndrome. J Nutrition. 2013;143(7):1074-83.

Wing RR, Lang W, Wadden TA, Safford M, Knowler WC, Bertoni AG, et al. Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes care. 2011;34(7):1481-6.

Pi-Sunyer X. A clinical view of the obesity problem. Science. 2003;299(5608):859-60.

Bell EA, Rolls BJ. Regulation of energy intake: factors contributing to obesity. Present Knowledge in Nutrition. 2001:31-42.

Nandi DN, Ajmany S, Ganguly H, Banerjee G, Boral GC, Ghosh A, et al. Psychiatric disorders in a rural community in West Bengal: an epidemiological study. Ind J Psy. 1975;17:87-99.

Fava M, Judge R, Hoog SL, Nilsson ME, Koke SC. Fluoxetine versus sertraline and paroxetine in major depressive disorder: changes in weight with long-term treatment. J Clin Psych. 2000;61(11):863-7.

Silverstone PH, Ravindran A. Once-daily venlafaxine extended release (XR) compared with fluoxetine in outpatients with depression and anxiety. Venlafaxine XR 360 Study Group. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60:22-8.

Keller MB, Trivedi MH, Thase ME, Shelton RC, Kornstein SG, Nemeroff CB, et al. The prevention of recurrent episodes of depression with venlafaxine for two years (prevent) study: outcomes from the 2-year and combined maintenance phases. J Clinical Psychiatry. 2007;68(8):1246-56.

Tourian KA, Leurent C, Graepel J, Ninan PT. Desvenlafaxine and weight change in major depressive disorder. Primary care companion to the Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2010;12(1).

Kraus T, Haack M, Schuld A, Hinze­Selch D, Koethe D, Pollmächer T. Body weight, the tumor necrosis factor system, and leptin production during treatment with mirtazapine or venlafaxine. Pharma Psychiatry. 2002;35(6):220­5.

Hinze-Selch D, Schuld A, Kraus T, Kühn M, Uhr M, Haack M, et al. Effects of antidepressants on weight and on the plasma levels of leptin, TNF-α and soluble TNF receptors: a longitudinal study in patients treated with amitriptyline or paroxetine. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2000;23(1):13-9.

Grundy SM. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. J Clin Endocrinol Meta. 2004;89(6):2595-600.

Poirier P, Giles TD, Bray GA, Hong Y, Stern JS, Pi-Sunyer FX, et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology, evaluation, and effect of weight loss. Circulation. 2006;113(6):898-918.

Khovidhunkit W, Kim MS, Memon RA, Shigenaga JK, Moser AH, Feingold KR, et al. Effects of infection and inflammation on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism: mechanisms and consequences to the host. J Lipid Res. 2004;45(7):1169-96.

Lara-Castro C, Fu Y, Chung BH, Garvey WT. Adiponectin and the metabolic syndrome: mechanisms mediating risk for metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Current Opinion Lipidol. 2007;18(3):263-70.

Yosmaoglu A, Fıstıkcı N, Keyvan A, Hacıoğlu M, Erten E, Saatçıoğlu Ö, et al. Correlation of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor use with weight gain and metabolic parameters. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2013;14:245-51.

Beyazyuz M, Albayrak Y, Egilmez OB, Albayrak N, Beyazyuz E. Relationship between SSRIs and metabolic syndrome abnormalities in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a prospective study. Psychiatry Investig. 2013;10:148-54.

Archer DF, Pinkerton JV, Guico-Pabia CJ, Hwang E, Ru-fong JC, Study 3353 Investigators. Cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and hepatic safety of desvenlafaxine for 1-year in women with vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Menopause. 2013;20(1):47-56.

Downloads

Published

2018-01-24

How to Cite

Gangavaram, N. K. R., Siddapa, A. L., Muthiah, B., & Ram, D. (2018). The relationship of serum leptin, serum TNF-α, plasma lipids and obesity parameters in patients treated with weight neutral antidepressants. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 6(2), 465–471. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20180283

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles