Serum levels of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in type 2 diabetic patients with enteropathy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192524Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Enteropathy, Intestinal alkaline phosphataseAbstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients frequently have various distressing gastrointestinal signs and symptoms and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) may be linked to it. Even after extensive search, there was dearth of literature related to IAP levels in serum of diabetic enteropathy subjects. So, using a case-control design, levels of IAP in the serum of T2DM subjects were determined.
Methods: Serum IAP was measured by ELISA in 73 type 2 diabetic patients with enteropathy (group 1) and 71 type 2 diabetic patients without enteropathy (group 2). Statistical analysis of the data was performed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 16) and inferences were drawn.
Results: Serum IAP was highly significantly reduced in group 1 (3.9 U/L) compared to group 2 (4.2 U/L).
Conclusions: Enteropathy in T2DM may be related to reduction in IAP levels in serum. Estimation of serum IAP may be considered in type 2 diabetic patients with enteropathy, for the elaboration of treatment strategy and monitoring.
References
American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabe Care. 2014; 37(Supplement 1): S81-S90.
Maisey A. A Practical Approach to Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes. Diabe Ther. 2016;7(3):379-86.
Bytzer P, Talley NJ, Leemon M, Young LJ, Jones MP, Horowitz M. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus: a population-based survey of 15000 adults. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161:1989-96.
Meldgaard T, Olesen SS, Farmer AD, Krogh K, Wendel AA, Brock B, et al. Diabetic Enteropathy: From Molecule to Mechanism-Based Treatment. J Diabetes Res. 2018;3827301.
Krishnan B, Babu S, Walker J, Walker AB, Pappachan JM. Gastrointestinal complications of diabetes mellitus. World J Diabe. 2013;4(3):51-63.
Phillips LK, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M. An update on autonomic neuropathy affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Diab Rep. 2006;6:417–23.
Camilleri M. Advances in Diabetic Gastroparesis. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 2002;2(2):47-56.
Abell TL, Camilleri M, Hench VS, Malagelada J-R. Gastric electromechanical function and gastric emptying in diabetic gastroparesis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1991;3:163-7.
Nakajima K, Nemoto T, Muneyuki T, Kakei M, Fuchigami H, Munakata H. Low serum amylase in association with metabolic syndrome and diabetes: A community-based study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2011;10:34.
Narisawa S, Huang L, Iwasaki A, Hasegawa H, Alpers DH, Millán JL. Accelerated Fat Absorption in Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Knockout. Mice Mol Cell Biol. 2003; 23(21): 7525-30.
Ghosh K, Mazumder Tagore D, Anumula R, Lakshmaiah B, Kumar PP, Singaram S, et al. Crystal structure of rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase – Role of crown domain in mammalian alkaline phosphatases. J Struct Biol. 2013;184:182-92.
Harada T, Koyama I, Matsunaga T, Kikuno A, Kasahara T, Hassimoto M, et al. Characterization of structural and catalytic differences in rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase isozymes. FEBS J. 2005;272:2477-86.
McConnell RE, Higginbotham JN, Shifrin DA Jr, Tabb DL, Coffey RJ, Tyska MJ. The enterocyte microvillus is a vesicle-generating organelle. J Cell Biol. 2009;185(7):1285-98.
Shifrin DA Jr, McConnell RE, Nambiar R, Higginbotham JN, Coffey RJ, Tyska MJ. Enterocyte microvillus-derived vesicles detoxify bacterial products and regulate epithelial-microbial interactions. Curr Biol. 2012; 22(7):627-31.
Malo MS, Nasrin Alam S, Mostafa G, Zeller SJ, Johnson PV, Mohammad N, et al. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase preserves the normal homeostasis of gut microbiota. Gut. 2010;59(11):1476-84.
Lalles JP. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase: novel functions and protective effects. Nutr Rev. 2014;72(2):82-94.
Lalles JP. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase: multiple biological roles in maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and modulation by diet. Nutr Rev. 2010;68(6):323-32.
Malo MS. A High Level of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Is Protective Against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Irrespective of Obesity. EBioMedicine. 2015;2(12): 2016-23.
Kaliannan K, Hamarneh SR, Economopoulos KP, Nasrin Alam S, Moaven O, Patel P, et al. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase prevents metabolic syndrome in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2013;110(17):7003-8.
Economopoulos KP, Ward NL, Phillips CD, Teshager A, Patel P, Mohamed MM, et al. Prevention of antibiotic-associated metabolic syndrome in mice by intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Diabe Obes Metab. 2016;18(5):519-27.
Liñán-Rico A, Turco F, Ochoa-Cortes F, Harzman A, Needleman BJ, Arsenescu R, et al. Molecular signaling and dysfunction of the human reactive enteric glial cell phenotype: implications for GI infection, IBD, POI, neurological, motility, and GI disorders. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2016;22(8):1812-34.
