Study of inspiratory lung function parameters in Indian children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212240Keywords:
Peak inspiratory flow rate, Pulmonary function, Inspiratory volume, Prediction equation, Flow volume loopAbstract
Background: The inspiratory parameters of pulmonary function test commonly used for various purposes in clinical practice including diagnosing airway obstruction. Expiratory portion of the flow volume loop of the pulmonary function test is studied in detail. The prediction equations for expiratory parameters are available for different population. However, the reference equation for inspiratory parameters is not available in Indian context. The current study derived the prediction equation for inspiratory parameters of pulmonary function test.
Methods: The current study was carried out in school going 732 healthy girls and 1377 boys aged 6-15 years in India. The children who meet the inclusion criteria were recruited in the study after detailed medical examination by registered medical practitioner. The lung function parameters were recorded by spirometry. The multivariate regression analysis was done to develop the prediction model.
Results: The prediction equation for predicting inspiratory parameter were developed. This study revealed gender-wise and geographical variation in the inspiratory parameters. Hence this study recommends to derive gender wise prediction equations. The reference equations derived in this study can be used in population with similar background.
Conclusions: Use of these equations for population having similar backgrounds will help for early and accurate diagnosis of the airway abnormalities in children. The inspiratory parameter assessment shall be included in the routine assessment of respiratory patient.
References
Mahler DA. Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate: An Emerging Biomarker in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;199(12):1577-9.
Ghosh S, Ohar JA, Drummond MB. Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Implications for Dry Powder Inhalers. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2017;30(6):381-7.
Visser FJ, Ramlal S, Pelzer B, Dekhuijzen PN, Heijdra YF. Random variation of inspiratory lung function parameters in patients with COPD: a diagnostic accuracy study. BMC Pulm Med. 2010;10:28.
Sterner JB, Morris MJ, Sill JM, Hayes JA. Inspiratory flow-volume curve evaluation for detecting upper airway disease. Respir Care. 2009;54(4):461-6.
Owens GR, Murphy DM. Spirometric diagnosis of upper airway obstruction. Arch Intern Med. 1983;143(7):1331-4.
Modrykamien AM, Gudavalli R, Carthy K, Liu X, Stoller JK. Detection of upper airway obstruction with spirometry results and the flow-volume loop: a comparison of quantitative and visual inspection criteria. Respir Care. 2009;54(4):474-9.
Koopman M, Zanen P, Kruitwagen CL, Ent CK, Arets HG. Reference values for paediatric pulmonary function testing: The Utrecht dataset. Respir Med. 2011;105(1):15-23.
Kale S, Deshpande M, Chaudhari S. Prediction model for Peak expiratory flow rate in rural Indian girls. Int J of Pharma and Biomed Sciences. 2021;12(2):68-72.
Vilozni D, Efrati O, Barak A, Yahav Y, Augarten A, Bentur L. Forced inspiratory flow volume curve in healthy young children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009;44(2):105-11.
American Thoracic Society. Standardization of Spirometry. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152(3):1107-36.
Schrader PC, Quanjer PH, Zomeren BC, Wise ME. Changes in the FEV1-height relationship during pubertal growth. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1984;20(4):381-8.
Sliman NA, Dajani BM, Shubair KS. Pulmonary function in normal Jordanian children. Thorax. 1982;37(11):854-7.
Dickman ML, Schmidt CD, Gardner RM. Spirometric standards for noramal children and adolescents (ages 5 years through 18 years). Am Rev Respir Dis. 1971;104(5):680-7.
Rosenthal M, Bain SH, Cramer D, Helms P, Denison D, Bush A, Warner JO. Lung function in white children aged 4 to 19 years: I-Spirometry. Thorax. 1993;48(8):794-802.
Nair RH, Kesavachandran C, Sanil R, Sreekumar R, Shashidhar S. Prediction equation for lung functions in South Indian children. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997;41(4):390-6.
Quanjer PH, Borsboom GJ, Kivastik J, Merkus PJ, Hankinson JL, Houthuijs D, et al. Cross-sectional and longitudinal spirometry in children and adolescents: interpretative strategies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;178(12):1262-70.
Grivas TB, Burwell RG, Purdue M, Webb JK, Moulton A. A segmental analysis of thoracic shape in chest radiographs of children. Changes related to spinal level, age, sex, side and significance for lung growth and scoliosis. J Anat. 1991;178:21-38.
Hibbert ME, Couriel JM, Landau LI. Changes in lung, airway, and chest wall function in boys and girls between 8 and 12 year. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984;57(2):304-8.
Guyton AC, Hau JE. Pulmonary ventilation. Textbook of medical physiology. 11th ed. India: WB Saunders Company; 2006:471-448.
